Gushakisha no gushyingura mu cyubahiro abaguye i Ndera abicanyi bagahisha aho babajugunye.
Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi ikirangira, abari batuye I Ndera bashoboye kurokoka bagarutse iwabo basanga imiryango yabo yarishwe. Abarokotse ubwo bwicanyi batanze amakuru ko abishwe benshi baguye muri CARAES. Ibyo byatumye gushakisha imibiri y’abishwe bikorerwa aho bugufi. Twasanze hari urwobo bavuga ko rwari rurerure cyane, rugera kuri metero mirongo itatu, ariko twe twarubonye rwuzuye imirambo, abantu bagaragara hejuru bacyambaye imyenda yabo n’inkweto. Twabwiwe ko abacu bose bishwe ari muri urwo rwobo bajugunywe, dufata umwanzuro wo kubagumishamo no kubakira neza icyo cyobo, kuko muri icyo gihe gushyingura mu cyubahiro byari bitaratangira.
Nyuma y’igihe gito twagiye tubona amakuru ko hari abishwe bajugunywa inyuma y’inzu yitwa Twizere iri mu bitaro by’I Ndera. Twagiye tubona amakuru kandi ko hari abajugunywe mu bindi byobo nko kwa Nkundibiza, kwa Kanyambo, mu masangano y’imihanda aho ubu bita ku byapa hahurira umuhanda ujya ku kibenga n’uzamuka ku bitaro hari hatuye Mukamutesi. Kuva tukibona ayo makuru twatangiye gushakisha ibyo byobo ariko turabibura, imyaka ihita ari myinshi hazamo guheba ko abajugunywe muri ibyo byobo tutazababona. Twiyemeje kongera kubashakisha muri 2018, dufata umwanzuro wo gukora ibishoboka byose tukababona, tukabashyingura mu cyubahiro. Byadufashe imbaraga nyinshi, iminsi myinshi n’ibikoresho byinshi, ariko turashyira turababona. Twabonye imibiri y’abantu 359, ishyingurwa mu cyubahiro I Ndera ku italiki ya 24/6/2018, mu muhango witabiriwe n’abantu b’ingeri zose.
- Igikorwa cyo gushaka abajugunywe inyuma ya Twizere
Nyuma yo kwibuka ku nshuro ya 24 (2018), mu cyumweru cyakurikiyeho, Clarisse Mukashumbusho yanditse ku rubuga rw’abarokokeye i Ndera agira ati: Nari kumwe n’imirambo muri Twizere (inzu imwe mu zigize ibitaro by’i |Ndera), numva bacukura inyuma yayo, bivuga ko ariho imirambo twari kumwe bayijyanye. Muzashakire inyuma yayo, ku ruhande rw’iburyo. Yandikaga asaba ko twakora uko dushoboye tukabashakisha.
Hari n’ayandi makuru yatanzwe na Monique Munyankindi n’abandi batubwiraga ko muri 1995 babonye imirambo myinshi mu cyobo kigari kandi kigufi inyuma ya Twizere, bakahashyira umusaraba, ariko bagaruka kubashaka ngo bashyingurwe mu cyubahiro bakababura.
Ibyo byagaruye ikibazo cyari kimaze igihe cyirengagizwa, cy’uko hari icyobo inyuma ya Twizere ababyeyi n’abavandimwe bacu barimo. Abacitse ku icumu b’I Ndera ayo makuru bari bayafite, bamwe bakabura ababafasha ngo gishakishwe, abandi tugahitamo kwipfuka mu maso, tukanga kureba ukuri, tukibwira tuti ubwo hari icyobo cyabonetse, tukacyubakiraho urwibutso, buriya abacu niho bari. Uko gusaba kwa Clarisse kwakanguye benshi, twumva ko tudakwiye kugira amahoro tutaramenya ukuri kw’icyo cyobo. Twiyemeje guhaguruka, tukagishakisha.
- Kuwa gatandatu italiki ya 5/5/2018 twakoze inama kuri Grazia hotel dutegura kujya I Ndera kureba ko twabona icyo cyobo. Abahuye ni, Nkundanyirazo Aime Solange, Aimee, Utuza, Nadine Uwamahoro, Me Monique Munyankindi, Mukeshimana Josiane, Sylvie Uwamahoro, Lt Muhire, Usengimana Jean d’Amour, Mutabazi Gervais , Berchmas, na Antoine Ruvebana. Hari kandi Theodette Ngangari na Clarisse Mukanshumbusho babikurikiraniraga kure batanga ibitekerezo
- Ku cyumweru twagiyeyo, tubona ahantu hitse cyane, tubona na puit perdu, twiyemeza gushakira aho.
- Kuwa kabiri 8/5/2028 twacukuye aho hitse inyuma ya Twizere dusanga ni fausse septique irimo, nayo itagikoreshwa. Twakurikijeho gufungura puit perdu dusanga ntigikoreshwa, ahubwo bayiyoboyemo amazi y’imvura ava ku mabati.
- Kuwa gatatu twazanye caterpillar, isiza aho tweretswe abacu bari bari, hanashyizwe umusaraba muri 95. Twasizaga dushaka aho twabona ihema ry’icyatsi, kuko niryo twari dufitiye amakuru yizewe ko riboroshe. Muri uko gusiza twabonye ibintu bibiri : Twabonye umwobo urimo amabuye, ubona ko ari meza yakubakishwa, twiyemeza kuyavanamo tukareba ikiri munsi. Twabonye kandi undi mwobo muto ukoze nkumuvure, bashyizemo ihema ry’icyatsi rizinze nk’ikirago, n’utwenda tw’abana. Tubonye ihema twagize ikizere ko tubagezeho, tuvanamo n’igitiyo igitaka cyoroshye nk’umucanga, dusanga umwobo ufite nka cm80 gusa, n’ihema n’utwo twenda. Twacitse intege, kuko bwari bwije, ndetse bamwe bararira, imashini yacukuraga irataha, natwe ikizere kiragabanuka.
- Kuwa kane, twiriwe dukura amabuye muri cya cyobo twaraye tubonye, birakomeza no kuwa gatanu. Icyo cyobo twagitinzeho tukivanamo amabuye kandi ari kirekire, kuko twari dufite amakuru twahawe na Felicita wo kwa Karoli Karimba, ko yabwiwe na Nyiramugwera Epiphanie ko aho hantu ariho babashyize. Twumvaga dufite ikizere tuvanamo amabuye. Kuwa gatanu saa saba amabuye yashizemo, noneho kwiheba biriyongera.
- Ubuyobozi bwa CNLG bwaradufashije, tuzana imfungwa yitwa Karemera twakuze twita Sekarema. Yari afungiye kwica abantu I Ndera, twifuzaga ko yaturangira aho abatarajugunywe mu cyobo rusange twabonye tukacyubakira, ahandi babashyize. Yageze I Ndera mu modoka ya gereza, arazenguruka hose yitegereza ariko aseka, arangije aratubwira ati: “Jye naricaga sinajugunyaga. Muzabaze murumuna wanjye we yajyaga guta abantu”. Murumuna we yavugaga ni uwitwa Komini, nawe ufunze kubera jenoside. Dukomeje kumubaza ngo aduhe amakuru, yarongeye aratubwira ati murinda kunzana mumvana Rusizi, hano ntihari abantu twari kumwe nka Esperance, mwababajije. Uwo Esperance ni umugore utarahigwaga, ariko wiciwe umugabo witwaga Emmanuel Nyirigira, we wahigwaga.
- Kuwa gatanu nyuma ya saa sita twatangiye kuvana ibyondo muri puit perdu twari twarapfunduye tugitangira, ariko twumva ko ntacyo twahakura kuko ntiyari ihishe, kandi imyaka yose ishize amazi ava ku mabati niho yajyaga, yarabaye ibyondo, Kuwa gatandatu taliki ya 12 twakomeje kuvana isayo muri urwo rwobo, maze ahagana saa tanu aba ariho imibiri itangira kuboneka, ivanwamo irara irangiye, tubona abantu bagera ku ijana na makumyabiri na batatu.
Icyo twavuga kuri iyi nzira ndende yo gushaka abajugunywe inyuma ya Twizere:
- Muri 95 twabonye abantu bacu bamwe aho bari bajugunywe mu mwobo mugufi ariko munini mu butambike, hagaragara, boroshe ihema, dushyiraho umusaraba. Sheeting y’icyatsi yari ibatwikiriye, twarayibonye, bigaragara ko hari umuntu cg abantu bayicukuriye, bakayitaba, hamwe n’imyenda y’abana bato bishwe. Ibi bikimara kuboneka, Karamaga wari mu baturage bafatanyaga n’abandi gushaka imibiri, yaraye atorotse. Iyi sheeting y’icyatsi batabye, isa niyo tuzi yari itwikiriye abacu, kuyibona byatweretse ko aho twabonye abacu muri 95 bahavanywe, bakajyanwa ahandi. Ibibazo twibajije byabaye kumenya icyo bahabavaniye n’aho babajyanye. Icyo bahabavaniye twaracyumvaga ko atari cyiza, kuko iyo kiza kuba kiza, twari gutumirwa, ndetse bakajyanwa mu rwibutso. Kuhabavana rero kwari uguhisha ibimenyetso.
- Tumaze kumva ko bahavanywe mu rwego rwo guhisha ibimenyetso, bakahavanwa nyuma gato ya 95, twumvise ko bativunnye bongera gucukura, ahuwo ko bashobora kuba barabataye mu byobo byari bisanzwe bicukuye. Niko byagenze kuko twabaanze muri puit perdu iri aho iruhande.
- Uku guhisha ibimenyetso, bimura rwihishwa imibiri y’abishwe bazize genocide yakorewe abatutsi, bakajya kubata aho bizeye ko batazaboneka byerekana ubushake bwo guhisha ko genocide yakorewe abatutsi yabaye.
- Kubashyira mu mwobo muremure, ukayoboramo amazi y’imvura, ni ugushinyagurira imirambo, no gushaka gusiba ibimenyetse, kuko twasanze amazi yarononnye imibiri cyane, abana bato bari bafite amagufa yoroshye bo ntibabonekaga.
- Igikorwa cyo kwica abantu cyagaragayemo division of labor, aho bamwe bahigaga abihishe bakabavumbura, hakaba abandi bashinzwe kubica, hakaba n’abashinzwe kushaka no gutegura aho babajugunya. Ubwo ntituvuze igice cy’abari bashinzwe gukangurira bamwe kwica abandi.
Igikorwa cyo gushaka abajugunywe mu rwobo rwo kwa Nkundibiza
Abanyandera bataguye muri CARAES bakicirwa mu nkengero zayo baragoranye cyane kubona imibiri yabo. Umwe muri bo ni Mukankusi Coletta. Kuva jenoside ikirangira, amakuru yarabonetse y’uburyo Coletta yishwe, haza no kumenyekana ko yajugunywe mu musarani wo kwa Nkundibiza, ariko uwo musarani urabura. Umuhungu wa Coletta ariwe Mugwiza Désiré yagiye inshuro nyinshi kwa Nkundibiza, akinginga umugore we witwa Virginia ngo amubwire aho nyina abicanyi bamushyize, dore ko n’uwo Virginia yagombaga kuba mubahigwaga ariko yari arinzwe n’umugabo we wari umuyobozi w’ibitero by’abicaga. Virginia yanze kuhamubwira, ubundi akamubeshya aho umusarani wahoze bagacukura bakawubura. Yaje gusaba umuhungu wa Kazage mukuru wa Nkundibiza ngo amwereke aho umusarani wo kwa sewabo wari, aho amweretse haracukurwa, urabura. Hifashishijwe amakuru yatanzwe muri Gacaca, hacukuwe ahantu hatatu hatandukanye, ariko biza kugaragara ko amakuru yatangwaga atari yo. Kubera kubeshwa kenshi, gushakisha Coletta byari byarahagaze, ikizere cyo kuzabona umubiri we cyarashize, hasigaye kwiheba.
Amakuru y’impamo y’icyo cyobo no kuba Coletta akirimo yaje kumenyekana biturutse ku bagore babiri Eugenie Mukantwari na Esperance Mukarubayiza, bombi ntibahigwaga muri jenoside. Bariho baganira bavuye kwivuza mu Kinyarwanda I Burunga, Esperance abwira mugenzi we ati “uriya mwene wacu Coletta nagiye ku musarani bamutayemo kwa Nkundibiza, nanjye nywitumamo kugirango umuzimu we atazankurikira”. Uyu Esperance koko yari afitanye isano na Coletta kuko yari muramukazi we, umugabo we witwaga Emmanuel Nyirigira wishwe muri jenoside yari musaza wa Coletta. Ntibyatinze aba bagore bombi bagirana ubwumvikane bucye, niko amakuru y’impamo yasohotse aramenyekana.
Tumaze kubona abajugunywe inyuma ya Twizere muri CARAES, itsinda twari kumwe twakurikijeho kujya gushaka uwo musarani wo kwa Nkundibiza. Twasanze nta hantu haba haritse hagaragaza ko higeze kuba umwobo, bibanza kutugora cyane kubona uwo musarani wo mu gihe cya jenoside. Kubera ko twabonye hari amazu mashya, twiyemeje gushakira uwo mwobo muri ayo mazu imbere. Umugore wa Nkundibiza ariwe Virginia yari yarahubatse, amazu arayagurisha. Twasabye uwayaguze ko twacukura mu mazu imbere, twari kumwe n’ubuyobozi, arabitwemerera.
Gucukura byakozwe ku italiki ya 16/5/2018, tubanza gusenya igice cy’igikoni dushakisha kuko tutari twizeye neza amakuru dufite. Twakubitaga ipiki ku isima mu bice bitandukanye, twakumva hakomeye tukahareka. Twaje gukubita ipiki mu nguni imwe y’inzu, ipiki irarigita. Duhita twishima, twumva ko tubonye umwobo twashakaga, kandi koko twasanze tutibeshye. Uwo mwobo wabonetse nko muri metero imwe n’igice, uvuye aho umuhungu wo kwa Kazage yari yaratweretse gucukura.
Umwobo wari muremure cyane, abacukuraga bari benshi, imibiri tuyigeraho mu ma saa tanu. Havanywemo imibiri y’abantu bagera ku 164, abajugunywemo bose nta myenda bari bambaye, uretse iy’imbere gusa. Ikindi cyagaragaye nuko umwobo wari waracukuwe mbere, ari muremure cyane, wari iruhande rw’inzira nyabagendwa. Abo bicaga babajugunyagamo, barangije bashyira ikiringiti hejuru yabo, bagerekaho ibati, noneho bahagira umusarani. Ikindi twabonye ni ibibuye bibiri binini, dukeka ko muri abo bantu bajugunywemo harimo abatarapfa neze, bagatabaza, ababishe bakabajugunyaho ibyo bibuye mu rwego rwo kubahwanya.
Mu gusoza twavuga ko uwo mwobo kimwe n’indi wacukuwe mbere mu gihe cy’itegurwa rya jenoside. Abari baturiye uwo mwobo nka Ruziga na Esperance ayo makuru yose bari bayafite ariko banga kuyatanga. Uwahinduye uwo mwobo umusarani ariwe Virginia umugore wa Nkundibiza yaraye atorotse tukimara kubona uwo mwobo.
Igikorwa cyo gushaka abajugunywe ku byapa (inyuma yo kwa Mukamutesi)
Uko gushaka imibiri y’abiciwe muri CARAES no mu nkengero zayo byagendaga bifata intera nziza, niko n’amakuru yandi yagendaga aboneka. Theodette wo kwa Ngangari wari mu mahanga icyo gihe yadutumyeho adusaba gushaka musaza we byavugwaga ko yiciwe kuri bariyeri yari ku byapa, akajugunywa mu cyobo cyari inyuma y’inzu yari aho iruhande, yabagamo uwitwa Mukamutesi, nawe wishwe akajugunywamo.
Twagize amahirwe umukozi wo muri CARAES washoboraga gutembera icyo gihe muri jenoside witwa Jacqueline yatubwiye ko azi aho uwo mwobo uri, turahasura dusanga uhatuye uwo mwobo ntiyawubatseho. Twatangiye kuhacukura kuri 24/5/2018 muma saa ine, imibiri yabonetse ahagana saa cyenda. Twacukuye dushaka umuntu umwe bari batubwiye, umuhungu wa Ngangari, ariko twakuyemo 36, harimo na Mukamutesi nyiri iyo nzu.
Icyo twavuga kuri iki gikorwa nuko hari abantu benshi biciwe kuri iyi bariyeri yari aho umuhanda ujya ku kibenga n’uzamuka ku bitaro by’I Ndera ihurira. Niho bategeraga abava za gishure, Musave, Kibenga, Ndera n’ahandi bajya kuri cumi na gatanu bakabica. Iyo bariyeri yari iyobowe na Ruziga, ubu uri I Ndera nyuma yo gufungirwa jenoside akarangiza imyaka yakatiwe. Iyo bariyeri kandi iri mu marembo yo kwa Murama na Karamaga, bombi bari abayobozi b’abicanyi b’I Ndera muri 1994. Icyatugaragariye rero nuko ari Ruziga wari kuri iyo bariyeri, ari Karamaga nawe wari uyiriho anayituriye akaba nawe yari yarafunguwe, ari Nicholas umuhungu wa Murama nawe wari umaze gufungurwa, bose nta numwe wagize ubushake bwo kwerekana icyo cyobo bajugunyemo bamwe mubo bishe. Byatweretse ko nubwo abiciwe batanga imbabazi, abishe bamwe badafite kwicuza ibyo bakoze.
- Abakuwe mu cyobo cyo mu Bwiza bwa Gasogi
Abatutsi bahungaga bashaka kunyura mu bice bya Gikomero bagana mu bice bumvaga ko inkotanyi zagezemo bicirwaga mu ga centre ka Burunga. Aho babajugunyaga hari harabuze, hakaboneka amakuru abeshya ku bushake. Ibyo byatumye hacukurwa ahantu habiri mu myaka itandukanye.
Mu 2017 abantu basinze baje kwigamba ko abo bishe muri jenoside babataye ahantu batazaboneka na rimwe. Byabaviriyemo gufatwa bahatwa ibibazo, birangira baherekanye. Aho herekanywe I Burunga haracukuwe, havanywamo imibiri y’abantu 36, nayo izanwa I Ndera kugirango azabe ariho ishyingurwa mu cyubahiro.
Muri iki gihe cyose gishize, abacitse ku icumu bo muri ibyo bice bya Gikomero babaririzaga aho ababo bari, ababishe bahazi bakicecekera. Byari bimaze kuba akamenyero gucyurira abo biciye ko batazabona ababo. Babibwiraga umwe umwe, yabibwira ubuyobozi bakabihakana. Kuba barafashwe nuko babivuze bakumvwa n’umuntu urenze umwe, kandi basinze.
- Umwanzuro kuri iki gikorwa cyose
Gushakisha abacu biciwe muri CARAES no mu nkengero zayo byabaye igikorwa kiruhanije, cyafashe igihe n’imbaraga nyinshi. Cyasubitswe kigeze kuri byinshi, habonetse benshi mubo twabuze, bituma imitima ya benshi iruhuka, ariko nticyarangiye. Hari abacu kugeza ubu tutarabona, ku isonga twavuga nka Bateta Liberatha wo kwa Mukebyankanda tugishakisha n’ubu tutaramenya aho umubiri we uri.
Iki gikorwa kitwibukije kandi ko mu bishe abatutsi muri 94, bakabifungirwa, bagasaba imbabazi, bakaza gufungurwa berekana ko bihannye, bamwe muri bo gusaba imbabazi ntibyabavuye ku mutima, kuko nta bushake bagaragaza bwo kwerekana abo bishe aho babashyize. Irindi somo twakuye muri iki gikorwa ni ubutumwa gisize ko igihugu gishaka ubumwe n’ubwiyunge by’abanyarwanda, ariko ko ubwo bumwe ubwerekana abeshya, yikiza, ashinyagura, bimugiraho ingaruka. Bamwe mubo twari kumwe bafunguwe bakanga kutwereka aho bashyize abo bishe bikaza kugaragara ko bari bahazi barongeye barafungwa.
Kugirango iki gikorwa kigende neza nuko habaye ubufatanye n’ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ka Gasabo, Executive Secretary w’Umurenge wa Ndera Iyamuremye Francois, Executive Secretary w’Akagari, Abayobozi b’ibitaro by’I Ndera Frere Regional Rwabudandi Deo na Frere Superieur akaba n’Umuyobozi Mukuru w’ibitaro Nkubili Charles, ubuyobozi bwa police na DASSO. Iyo ubu bufatanye butaboneka ntabwo imibiri y’abacu twashakishaga yari kuboneka. Izo nzego zose n’abantu ku giti cyabo turabashimira.
Byateguwe na Antoine Ruvebana